Health Policy Regarding To Smoking Health And Social Care Essay

Health Policy Regarding To Smoking Health And Social Care Essay This essay will demonstrate the government health policies regarding to smoking including with changes in health care field from the development of NHS with current scenario. It is important to know what is policy. Policy is a collection of different ideas and methods which is used for the improvement in any field including health care and on the other hand, health policy is a practical device, or advantageous procedure and political course of action [ Hennessy, D. Spurgeon, P., 2000]. Health policies may be explained as the strategies methods adopted as being advantageous, measure to provide within the recourses available from health systems that, at least maintain and preferably improves health. As time is changed there is changed in people thinking, behavior and their lifestyle due to this reason the consumption of cigarette smoking in society is increased from last few decades. Smoking has been recognized as one of the most considerable causes of avoidable death and disease. Smoking alone is the supreme cause of preventable illness and premature death in UK and smoking is responsible for 23 Percent in males and 12 Percent in female deaths. There is more than 106,500 deaths are due to cigarette smoking (Wilkinson S. et al, 2004). Smoking is defined as the inhalation and exhalation of smoke from flaming tobacco in cigarettes, cigars and pipes etc. Historically smoking put into practice, was followed by inhabitants of western hemisphere, in spiritual rituals and for therapeutic purposes. Smoking has a history preliminary from the late 1500s.Cigarette smoking is a serious health hazard. Tobacco contains nicotine a toxic substance named alkaloid -and some others dangerous stuff like carbon monoxide, prussic acid, and ammonia etc which are very harmful for the health. The current scenario of smoking in England have fallen from 28 percent in 1998 to 25 percent in 2003-means approximately 1.2 million smaller numbers of smokers (Department of health,2003). Due to smoking , one in five deaths held in UK and smokers lose, Tobacco smoke can causes the 90 percent of lung cancer then non smokers(Peterson and Peto,2004) [Neubeck, L., 2006]. It is anticipated that about 120,000 young men who aged between 30 and 50 years in the United kingdom are impotent as a consequence of smoking [British Medical Association(BMA)] , 2004]. The main aim and purposes for choosing this topic is to study smoking policy in united kingdom and to improve knowledge about current health policies on local level or at national level and to see the statistical data of smoking cessation and what are the government policies regarding the smoking cessation in the society for different age groups and to discuss the need, origination and operation of policies in health care. To develop the understanding about health care system in the United Kingdom and to improve knowledge about NHS as an organization and its role and policies in health care system. Smoking is considered very dangerous for health not only for an individual but for the nation also because many billion pounds every year spend by NHS for prevention. Smoking is a causing factor of many diseases which is related to our health and environment directly or indirectly such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart diseases lifestyle related problems and behavioral problems. Due to smoking, people become habitual and then it is hard to come out from this situation or if a person suddenly quit then it gives some harmful effect to our body. Smoking affects the person and it effects others through second hand smoking and passive smoking. if a pregnant women involves in any kind of smoking during pregnancy then, this is not only harmful to her but also to her baby too and the results are baby deliver with some congenital anomalies. In the UK (Department of health, 1998) illustrates that, approximately 23% in 1995 and 15% in 2009 babies were born with disabilities who were delivered from smoker mothers. So the government introduced new health policy on smoking ,Choosing health (Department of Health, 2007) introduced the smoke free public policy which says that no is allowed to do smoking in public place such as malls, buses and railway station etc.. This policy included with, to regulate the way of smoking is portrayed on television and on advertisement in newspapers and mark health warning notice on tobacco products. There are some causing factors which enhance or encourage youth to involve in smoking such as now a days it shows as a symbol of prestige and personality which effects the youth and children. Specially children are more prone to be affected by smoking directly or indirectly because they learn from elders and they are more curious to learn and try everything and on health effect their lungs are smal l compare to adults and their immunity is low and they are more prone to get and harmful effect of cigarette smoke. According to human anatomy children breaths faster than the adults and hence they inhale more toxins and harmful chemicals as compare to adults. Smoking can cause many diseases it affects the respiratory system and can lead to diseases like cancer, bronchitis etc. .It also causes the headache and poor circulation, bad breath and stomach cancer and cancer of the pancreas ( Peterson and Peto,2004).According to Department of health (2005) in the general adult population for 2001 still shows that approximately 28 percent of men and 25 percent of women smoke (Department of health 2005). There are some other effects of smoking cessation like restlessness, waking up at night, increased appetite, Depression, Mouth ulcers and cancers, with poor concentration on work (smoking and health, 2005). There are some other risk factors associated with the second-hand smoking. In adults it causes coughing, feeling sick and breathing problems and in babies and children much higher rate of cot death as compared to the children of non smokers. Higher chances of ear infection, complaints of coughs, sneezing and cold and flu (Source Jamrozik, 2005). Nowadays due to change in the disease pattern people are thinking about their health .They want to have smoking policies which reduces the rate of smoking. Thinking of people Behavior and life style is changed. The disease rate of lung cancer, cardiovascular system and respiratory problems are increased due to smoking. In UK 12000 people are die in every year due to second-hand smoke (Jamerozik, 2005). In addition to this, smoking affects in a loss of productivity among workers, and ill health. A smoke free policy needs to be practical and impartial. Second-hand smoke is of two types: Main stream and Side stream smoke. The Residential and Commercial Services (RCS) introduce that all public places including residential areas, offices areas will be smoke free. This policy comes into progress on Sunday 1st July 2007.Smoking Is prohibited in all enclosed premises i.e. university buildings, covered walk ways. This policy applies to all university employees, students, residents and visitors etc. NHS Direct has a duty to promote and maintain the health of the community. It extends to the work environment, and thus help in promotion of general well being of all people. The NHS Direct policies not worried with people who smoke but with where they smoke and to prevent effects of smoking on visitors, and non smoking colleagues. It is also alarmed with the presence of carcinogenic substances in the vicinity of NHS Direct sites. From 1st July 2007, practically all enclosed places including work places in England will become smoke free, which will make sure a better and healthy environment, so that everyone can relax, travel and work free from second-hand smoke ( NHS Direct,2008 ).According to this policy smoking is prohibited in all working areas, such as centers and offices surroundings at all times, it will also includes after working hours periods and shifts as well as evenings and weekends and will also in the following ordinary areas: meeting Room, kitchen areas, Store Room reception Areas. According to Health and Safety at work etc Act, 1974). In UK the Department of Health (NHS Direct, 2008) has taken achievement to increase the general awareness of the risks concerned with the second-hand smoke through the following: countries first ever multimedia and education campaign. Funding to facilitate smoke free cities network and to help cities move towards smoke free on a voluntary basis. Almost all 50 percent in UK (there are 60,000 in the UK) and half of the Restaurants Association (10,500 group and individual restaurants). Benefits of Action and Second-Hand smoke: Environment and Economic benefits for society individual and industries includes: The NHS expenditures is reduced through smoking prevalence. The costs from the sickness absence are reduced. It enhances safety benefits (such as reduced fire risks).The cleanliness and maintenance costs are reduced. The Action on smoking and health report relates to strategy of tobacco control for England and recommendations which reflects the current balance and reserved powers in England. By helping smokers to quit, harm of tobacco can be reduced. All health professionals should have the skills to provide basics to stop smoking advice to the persons who smokes including the provision of treatment and referral to specialist stop smoking services. There are medicinal products on the market to help the smoker to quit and they also provide substitutes of Nicotine products. The tobacco control community looks ahead to working with the government in shaping the new strategy and new era in tobacco control. The Department of Health, 2004 has set a further public sector agreement(PSA) targeted as to reduce the rate of smoking to 21 percent or less by 2010( 26 percent in 2002). According to a Report of Smoking in public places on 15th December 2005 was published by the House of Commons Health Committee. They command paper sets out the government response in the report. The aim of government to achieve reduction in smoking frequency through along with combination of policies, which will help 70 percent of smokers who they want to quit. Smoking in pregnant women remains and issue of public health because the women who continued smoking during pregnancy, the infant born were hospitalized for a considerably more number of days (Petrou etal, 2005)[ ]{midwives attitude to smoking and smoking cessation in pregnancy}. The other national services highlights the danger of smoking like National Services Framework for heart diseases, cancer and children, young person and maternity services they highlights of the danger of smoking . The Health Action Zone in England, April 1999 to March 2000. The White paper Smoking Kills announced the new money for setting up the cessation services over a three year period. The NHS smoking cessation services will provide a new move towards help the people who want to quit smoking. They provide specialist and intermediate services. In specialist smoking cessation services they provide intensive treatment, usually clinics, run by smoking cessation specialists, usually in form of group over the course period of 5-6 weeks. It also includes Nicotine Replacement Therapy. In intermediate services provided by the other health practitioners who have taken some kind of recognized training usually they provided on a one to one basis, their services also include Nicotine Replacement Therapy. The new evidences has made by committee in 2004 , which has based on the report of Scientific Committee On Tobacco and Health [SCOTH],1998.They pay attention to the new organization between the secondhand smoke and lung disease. They have published their latest report from SCOTH was along with the Choosing Health White Paper.[Department of Health,2009]. The carpool vehicles should need to display the No smoking signs (NHS, smoking in workplace.2009). The cost effectiveness for government like NHS cost in overall smoking is estimated approximately 1.5 billion pounds a year. This cost will be reduced by decreasing the rate of smoking, about 1.7 percentage rate of smoking is reduced from 25 percent, then it means that about 100 million pounds are saved annually( ). The development of a smoke-free policy needs to be a practical and impartial. These policies are created to give staff guidance, patient and visitor clear guidance on what is acceptable. The government policy for smoking in the work places is that to reduced passive smoking all employers have to provide designated smoking areas outside the organization (Department of Health, 2009). Nowadays, the lifestyle of people has been changed the smoking rate is increased in both men and women. Parents smoke in front of their children this leads to affects the children because the children are more curious to learn and they want to trial and experiment of smoking in their peer groups. In pubs and discos youth enjoying their parties with wine, alcohol and smoking. They start due to their peer pressure and thereafter they become habitual of smoking. People spend most of times outside from their homes and they live alone so they start drinking alcohol and smoking to reduce their boredom and tensions. Due to this kind of social impact on the people the rate of smoking is increased. Nurses play an significant role for delivering health policies in the society through the use of education program for on individual and to the community. Encourage people to attend workshop for the cessation of smoking provide them support to come out of this .Use the opportunities to explain the relationship between changes in health status and smoking. They assess the smoking status of patients and to give advice all smokers to stop. They assist the people who interested in doing so. Health care practioners offer follow up and refer them to specialist stop smoking services if they required. For heavily addicted smokers who are currently unable or to quit, there is also the possibility of switching to pure Nicotine products (which like the current medicinal products on the market, contain Nicotine only and other tobacco derivates).Smokers are addicted to Nicotine but they are harmed by the tar and toxins in tobacco. Now there is more than ever a need for increased efforts to promot e tobacco education and the intervention amongst nurses in order for them to have the prospective to be credible and successful advisers to patients and the public. The community healths nurses are in very good position interfere with smokers. Many who want to give up smoking do so as a result of the health problem. So the problems in community in those nurses have a significant role to help them and community and community people to quit from this lethal problem. People who are habitual to smoke of if they want to quit from it then and nurses and government have to prepare policies to available to them substitute of smoking for example Nicotine Replacement therapy such as chewing gums. Asses the smokers to and help them to quit the smoking give them proper advice and suggestions and help them to take classes and join workshops to the smoking in the society. Advice them that take proper substitute of smoking instead of taking tobacco instance they may consume nicotine substances or the cigarettes and they also take some medical subanstances to reduce their smoking habit. the community health nurse should health to stop smoking . And there are fa ster acting NRT produce Department of Health, 2000ts available and are being developed in the current scenario. There are more and more treatments are becoming available for smoking cessation. It is a rapidly developing field in the society and there are some others methods like Hypnotherapy is suggested and Acupuncture therapy is beneficial. The care which is offered to the pregnant women would impact on society. In conclusion, many government policies have been implemented in local and national level for the development of people and encourage them to adopt healthy life style and stop smoking although the government gets several incomes from the sale of tobacco products. These policies and recommendations are taken from NHS and the department of health and implemented in the society. The harmful effects of smoking not only affect to the mother but also their baby in the womb and the impact of health care policies in health care system. It starts with the effects on the fetus and carries on throughout childhood.

Leadership Theory and Assessment Essay

Emotional Intelligence Mark Orvidas Walden University Introduction I have to say that getting back to considering emotional intelligence has been a bit of a walk down memory lane. When I was working for J&J, I was invited to attend a leadership workshop on emotional intelligence. As you might imagine, and probably have experienced, there were many individual and group exercises. I particularly remember a talk given by Daniel Goleman, he stresses the social aspects of leadership, and how it emotional competencies may trump intellectual competencies once a certain knowledge threshold is achieved. Later, we all receive a personalized copy of his new book, Working with Emotional Intelligence, which was the fall of 1998. New Insights Self-awareness is a basic competency that requires being in touch with our feelings, and using those feelings as a guide to decision making (Goleman, 1998). Being self-aware can help build self-confidence as a leader. While taking the assessment I felt like a Likert scale might be a more accurate scale since I found myself answering a version of â€Å"sometimes† to many questions (Nahavandi, 2012). Consequently, when this happened, I answered false, for to be â€Å"true† it should always be true. That said, my score on the self-awareness subsection was by far the worst (5 of 8). I realized that I really don’t create opportunities to learn about myself, nor do I analyze events that affect me. I usually don’t take things too personally and move on to the next challenge (unless it really was my fault! ). I have to say that I scored pretty well in the other categories, none â€Å"perfect† and I think this is due to the fact the my job for the last 20+ years requires a high degree of self-motivation, self-regulation, understanding and above all, social skill: although, my next lowest score was social skills (12 of 15). I don’t do to well with handling difficult people, and I don’t feel like I am all that persuasive. Usually, I just let the facts speak for themselves. New Impacts I think I will take these results and pay more attention to the details of how a scenario has unfolded and put myself in a position to ask what I could have done differently. Use the opportunity to assess strengths and weaknesses and learn about myself. I feel like I am a pretty humble, easy-gone person but can be hard on myself when the mistake is mine. I feel that as a public health leader, I would share my missteps with my team and perhaps others may do the same so we all can learn from each other in a non-threatening environment. In doing so, perhaps I will be a more authentic leader and be able to share my vision from a credible position, and others will be inspired to follow my lead. Reference: Goleman, D. (1998). Working with Emotional Intelligence. New York, New York; Bantam Nahavandi, A. (2012). The art and science of leadership (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Romeo And Juliet Love Essay - 1160 Words

Love is defined in numerous ways. It is one of the first and foremost feelings that each being experiences throughout their lifetime. The simple word goes a long way, as it triggers differing images to people. For instance, there is the romantic love that many aspire to have. Additionally, there is also familial and neighborly love. However, as great as love is, the authenticity of it is what discombobulates many. Love may be the feeling that is life sustaining, but at the same time, it can also be life threatening. Humans are vulnerable to fall into an untruthful love due to the fact that we fantasize over the thought of being in love. Through William Shakespeare’s tragic play, â€Å"Romeo and Juliet,† a fabricated false love is manifested.†¦show more content†¦40,41,43-46). As can be seen, Romeo has seen Juliet at the party. He began to pontificate according to Juliet’s beauty. Without delay, this is the part of Shakespeare’s tragedy in which R omeo overlooks Rosaline and finds his, supposedly, love for Juliet. Furthermore, Romeo terminates all feelings he had for Rosaline and instantly claims he loves Juliet. Romeo interrogatively says, â€Å"Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight,/ For I ne’er saw true beauty till this night† (1:5. 51,52). This section elucidates that Romeo is loving by sight, rather than by heart. The fact that Romeo claimed, prior to meeting Juliet, about Rosaline that, â€Å"She hath, and in that sparing makes huge waste,/ For beauty starved with her severity,/ Cuts beauty off from all posterity† (1:1. 213-215), shows how lustful Romeo is. All things considered, Romeo wanted Rosaline’s virginity because of her beauty, yet know he forgot about her and loves Juliet. On the whole, Romeo did not truly love Juliet, instead he thought he was due to her captivating looks and his lustfulness. Body #2: Likewise, Juliet had various factors in her life that contributed to her thinking she was in love, such as being young and having high demands for love. Rather than being elusive, Juliet was amenable when she met Romeo. They exchanged a kiss, despite the fact that the barely met. The story goes, â€Å"ROMEO: O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do; [Romeo kisses Juliet]... Thus from myShow MoreRelatedRomeo and Juliet Love Essay814 Words   |  4 PagesWould someone ever betray their family for the person they love? Well in The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare appears as a well-known plot with a twist ending on account of forbidden love. Two teenagers who come from different feuding families fall into love at first sight which always existed as forbidden since the families have hated each other since the beginning of time. 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`` Much Madness Is The Divinest Sense `` By Emily Dickinson

Poet of Paradox The Belle of Amherst, The Woman in White, or The Most Paradoxical of Poets†¦who can say which pseudonym is most becoming of the late great Emily Dickinson. By virtue of the multitudinous biographical literary works, moreover the wondrous intimacy of Dickinson’s poetry, one could surmise that as readers we comprehend her entirely: yet the most prevalent experience borne from reading Emily’s work, especially if her poems are read successively, is that we come away feeling as though we know nothing at all. Like no author before her and very few after her, Emily Dickinson divulges her hearts hidden secrets while recording what is inexorably one of the most conscientious explorations of the human consciousness ever attempted. Dickinson is known posthumously for her unusual use of form and syntax, but it was her pervasive themes of immortality, death, and madness in her poems that would canonize her as an indelible American character. 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The Tragedy Of Family Members Dying From Injuries

Have you ever had that nightmare about family members dying from injuries? Have you ever worried that you might have gone on a trip and lost your sight from injuries? There is danger in our life everyday that you cannot control, and there might be the accident at any moment, but all we have to do is live strong don’t let the accident stop your life! There is a girl, called Caitlyn at the age of 9. She was born in California and raised in Seattle. Her mom and dad are both Chinese. Caitlyn and her family live in the town in Seattle called Lynnwood. She is a smart girl, and she has good grades. However, she has eye problems, so she can’t see well. Her grandfather kept telling her to wear glasses, but she just chose not to wear them. Undoubtedly, there was something special about Caitlyn, every time when she doesn’t like something her stomach hurt. For example, she really hates Physical Education class, especially when they have to play games and running, when is tim e for Physical Education class she always has stomach ache for no reason just because she don’t like something. One day, her mom looks at her English test score and ask her how could you get 98% if you have eye problems and you couldn’t see well. She scolds Caitlyn angrily, â€Å"You are cheating on your test, I would have to tell your teacher.† Caitlyn started crying and she said sadly, â€Å"No Mom, I didn’t cheat on my test, even I can’t see well I still can use my nose to smell things.† Her Grandfather came up and talkShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Forrest Gump 927 Words   |  4 PagesLieutenant Dan Taylor, from the movie Forrest Gump, was initially an â€Å"ordinary† character known to have a family line tradition of someone dying in each war. He was the next family member to serve, in the Vietnam War. Despite beating the odds of not dying, he still faced a near death tragedy. In Vietnam, he lead a platoon that was enco untered an ambush by the Vietcong. During the surprise attack, he ordered a Napalm bomb drop against the enemies. Lt. Dan was convinced he was the next to follow theRead MoreThe Loss Of Innocence Is Represented By Tim O Brien1303 Words   |  6 PagesKhushi Desai Ms. Hagan American Literature H. 11 February, 2015 In Militari Vita When soldiers come back from war they are incapable of reconnecting with their families and they are haunted by the memories. In Mark Mueller’s, â€Å"Military suicides: Arm Sgt. Coleman Bean’s downward spiral ends with gunfire,† Bean has a hard time living his life after. 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Gay Marriage Should Be Legal Free Essays

Gay marriage should be legalized. Our civil rights and the Constitution give us many liberties. One of our civil liberties is the pursuit of happiness, which homosexual people are not allowed to chase. We will write a custom essay sample on Gay Marriage Should Be Legal or any similar topic only for you Order Now They cannot be married to the person they love and it violates their freedoms. According to professorshouse. com, â€Å"In Alaska, Nevada, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Nebraska, Missouri, Michigan, North Dakota, Ohio, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Kansas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Texas, and Alabama, not only is gay marriage banned, but so are civil partnerships.   The 1st amendment of the Constitution states that a person’s religious beliefs or a lack of thereof must be protected. Legislatures also cannot discriminate against marriages of the minority party which, homosexual people fall into that category. There is also an amendment stating there is separation of church and state, so you cannot declare that a marriage is a gift from God. Others might ask why gay marriage should be legalized, but my question is this: why should other people be able to choose who marries who? If a man and a woman get married, no one seems to care. They are two people who feel affection for one another and those two people want to start a family. If we change the scenario a little bit and a man and a man, or a woman and a woman, try to get married it causes uproar. They are not allowed to be married or raise a family together. Imagine waking up one day to a world that was completely opposite from the world we went to sleep in, meaning gay people are now straight and all straight people are now gay. Do you think the newly straight people would fight for the newly homosexual people’s rights? America is the land of the free, but we are not free to marry whomever we would like. After everything straight people have put homosexual people through, in this scenario, homosexual people would most likely vote for their rights because they would want their rights to be voted for. We are equals in this world whether we are Black, White, Hispanic, Indian, or any other race for that matter. Why should we not be equals based on sexual orientation? In a marriage there is one thing that truly matters: love. Yes, other things are important too, but not one couple would make it to even asking someone to marry them if there was not some love. Las Vegas, Nevada is also known for being the place where many weddings occur which are annulled within one week. These marriages are not based off love, but simply a drunken night in Vegas. High divorce rates weaken what a marriage is defined as. Why are we not able to rewrite what a marriage stands for and make it include a homosexual marriage? The definition of love, according to dictionary. com is as follows: â€Å"Very strong affection: an intense feeling of tender affection and compassion. If gay people feel this way then why shouldn’t they be able to be married? If they are happy with each other, said persons should be able to marry. California, Hawaii, New York, and the District of Columbia all have domestic partnership laws and civil partnerships meaning it is almost a marriage without the matrimony. Civil partnerships also give coupl es the ability to have joint bank accounts, live in the same house, and pay bills together. Homosexual couples are not entitled to this in most states. Marriage benefits should be available to all couples, no matter what. In places where gay marriages are banned, the gay couples are not able to have the same benefits as others. When filing for health care or insurance through a job, gay couples are not able to add each other on. Most loved ones, such as a spouse or a child, in a straight marriage, can make life altering decisions in a hospital if need be. Since gay marriage is not legal, said person’s spouse is not recognized as their next of kin and care is delayed. Who would be affected if homosexual marriage was legalized? No one. Everyone believes there is one person who is out there to love us. Gay people feel the same way. Parenthood is a benefit of marriage and gay couples cannot have children by themselves, without some type of help, so they look to adoption agencies. In some cases gay couples are put on longer waiting lists or denied completely. There are other benefits to being married as well, such as tax breaks. On the website professorshouse. com it reads, â€Å"When we hit our mid-thirties, we wanted only true friendships- friendships that were durable. † This is a perfect example of matrimony and what it should be based on. . According to dictionary. om a marriage is, â€Å"The legal or religious ceremony that formalizes the decision of two people to live as a married couple, including the accompanying social festivities. † If this is a marriage why are gay people not included in this? Even though gay marriage should be legalized, some people have different beliefs. In most religions including, Christianity, Islam, and Orthodox Judaism same sex prefe rences are a sin. People believe in procreation to repopulate the world, but are against gay marriage and homosexuals adopting children because they cannot procreate on their own. If this is a stand point on making or breaking gay marriage then only people who are fertile and want to procreate should be able to get married according to this bias. America has never really given gay marriage a chance, but they believe gay marriage will weaken its institution by leading to high divorce rates. On loveandpride. com I read, â€Å"One reason legislatures are denying gay marriage is because they are fearful that opening the door to allowing gay marriages will open the door to polygamy as well. This would also mean reopening cases about polygamy in the past which they are not willing to do. Others are fearful for children’s futures and they fear being raised by two fathers or by two mothers may compromise children’s mental capacities. Even though to most people gay marriage should be illegal and should stay in its current state, I believe we need to change the world for future generations. We feared that different religions were going to clash, but now a ll of the religions coexist. White people had Black and Hispanic slaves, but we overcame the odds and now White men, Black men, and Hispanic men can be equals. If it is possible to overcome such fierce obstacles then we can overcome the boundary obstructing gay marriages and straight marriages alike. Gay marriage should be legalized for these reasons. Evolution will always continue and at any given point in time, something will occur that we will not like in this world, but we can overcome this. Gay marriage is a controversial issue that people have been fighting for years and it has finally come to the surface. We should take charge of it. How to cite Gay Marriage Should Be Legal, Essay examples

Firm Competencies On Market Entry Success -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Firm Competencies On Market Entry Success? Answer: Introduction According to Lambert and Cooper (2000), Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the oversight of finances, information, and materials as they move from the suppliers to manufacturers to wholesalers to retailers and eventually to consumers. Additionally, Seuring and Mller (2008) observe that strategic supply chain management (SSCM) involves the coordination and integration the flow of goods and services both within and among companies. Notably, SSCM also encompasses designing, planning, executing, controlling, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the aim of leveraging worldwide logistics, building a competitive infrastructure, synchronizing supply with demand, creating net value, and measuring performance globally. It also involves the task of coordinating material flow and information flow across the supply chain. The main goal of coordinating such activities is to reduce inventory. As such, DiethelmKellerSiberHegner (DKSH) comes in handy to streamline the supply chain management of various companies. DKSH provides market expansion services to most Asian companies who wish to grow their existing markets as well as expand to new ones. The company provides solutions in value chain support to help companies achieve their extensive supply chain network, distribution network, and growth and expansion objectives. The main objective of this research is to find out how DKSH utilizes innovation as a value proposition to enhance supply chain management. In addition, another objective is to find out why many customers prefer to seek for services of DKSH. The last objective is to determine the supply chain gaps that DKSH can fill to meet the demands of various customers across Asia and other parts of the world. Reasons why customer buy the DKSH product/services According to Spenner and Freeman (2013), customers can keep on buying a particular product or service from a company because of the customer service they provide, products or services on offer, and competitive pricing. These preferences were very common when Corporate Executive Board carried out a market research to determine why customers tend to stick to particular companies (Spenner Freeman, 2013). Other studies conducted by Lee-Kelley, Gilbert, and Mannicom (2003) reveal that customers are becoming sensitive to product and services they request. Prices and accessibility play an important role to maintain existing customers and attract new ones. In particular, customer loyalty and customer perception are very integral to business survival. All said and done, DKSH specializes in helping companies to grow their businesses in existing markets and expand to new ones (DKSH, 2018). The company achieves this goal by delivering accustomed services that businesses need to achieve their goals and marketing expansion. Nonetheless, DKSH provides a comprehensive package of services along with value chain which involves sourcing, market analysis and research, distribution and logistics, marketing and sales, and after-sales services. Li et al (2006) observe that an efficient supply chain management is vital in winning new customers and retaining the existing ones. Besides, when customers can relate to a particular company, then, they will endeavor to support it repeatedly by offering business opportunities. This explains why DKSH has operated for decades with a broad customer base. Since supply chain is the core driver of any business, DKSH is banking on this theory to make sure that it captures the market, and as such, it boasts of operations in over 36 countries. Research conducted by Hendricks and Singhal (2003) shows that many businesses have a problem of penetrating the market. Many startups die before their third birthday owing to the fierce completion in the global market. Advancement in technology has opened the markets which have made it difficult for businesses to survive. As such, DKSH comes in handy to these businesses by providing sales, market research, and analysis, logistics and distribution on their behalf. This explains why most organizations and businesses procure the services of DKSH. Kumar et al (2016) argue that experience in the supply chain enable entities to support a particular brand marketed and sold by established brands. With 780 business locations in 36 countries and; 1500 clients, 4000 supplies, 500,000 customers and 150 distribution centers, DKSH is a force in the market that customers would like to associate with. The established brand name acts as a marketing tool for its products. Coupled with automation of its supply chain system, small and big businesses can monitor the sales and flow of their products at any time and thus harnesses trust and loyalty. For this reason, customers would prefer DKSH for deals as they seek to expand their products and services. According to DKSH (2018), the company has a true service philosophy which goes beyond exchange and promotion of goods. They anchor their operations on profound responsibility for the goods and brands of its clientele. They take a proactive approach in providing strategic advice based on a network of experts, know-how, and experience for long time operations. Such a philosophy enable the company to provide a detailed and up-to-date information, which surely help businesses, grow and expand based on their objectives. In addition, customers prefer DKSH since they offer tailor-made services with an aim of delivering seamless end to end solutions for business challenges that customers face, be it small or large scale companies. To add, DKSH endeavors to organizations reduce fixed costs and complexity, increase market share and penetration, and top and bottom line growth that at the end of the day leads to growth and efficiency in supply chain management. How DKSH is the company delivering the value proposition Staying competitive in providing market expansion services by DKSH is taking a path of outsourcing for clients and customers. Adopting innovations has helped the company achieve its goals in supply chain management both in the short-term and long-term goals. This has helped DKSH stay competitive in the market by staying ahead of the game while maintaining high operational benefits. Ideally, innovations such as digitization/automation are the primary driving force for long-term success in any industry (Chesbrough, 2007). Digitization of market expansion services is helping consumers in the local markets, industrial customers, wholesaler, and retailers to achieve business growth over time (DKSH, 2018). In particular, digitization of services leads to efficiency gains, business development, and organic growth. Considering the broad scope of DKSH businesses, this study will cover digitization/automation of services and logistical activities. Service digitization According to Chesbrough (2007), technological progress is enabling service innovations at most levels of business operations. It creates platforms on which market expansion services providers explore innovative service offerings that meet customers' emerging demands. For example, DKSH has digitized its information that allows linking of data across the value chain that are often transmitted in real time to intended destinations. For this reason, Chesbrough (2010) argues that digitization of services is a milestone to easing operations and cutting cost which eventually reflects in profits and efficiency. Furthermore, adopting service innovations such as product demonstrations in the field of sales services, cash collection, pricing, certification, testing, product customization, market research, and product delivery have been utilized effectively by DKSH to carry out their operations. Dodgson, Gann, and Salter (2006) also observed that transformational and evolutionary service innovations are the key to achieving greatness in an open market. Besides, there is improved delivery of new and existing services to customers who are the major players in the business industry. Activities such as key account management, product licensing, promotion management, and brand management are the core of service delivery in an existing supply chain. Supply chain automation The main goal of a supply chain is to meet the demand of customers in the market (Hoek Harrison, 2008). It is therefore imperative that goods and services reach the customers at the required place and time. Intrinsically, Hoek and Harrison (2008) note that the main supply chain activities are warehousing, inventory management, demand planning/forecasting, and customers' service. Besides, other activities include packaging and transportation, packing, material handling, and logistics communication. Additionally, Habib (2014) found out that the concept of SCM is similar to the concept of logistics activities. Therefore, achieving such myriad of activities in the SCM requires innovation (Noche Elhasia, 2013). According to Elhasia, Noche and Zhao (2013), innovation techniques can help companies to cost-effectively and respond much more rapidly to declining product life cycles, intensifying competition, and accelerating technological changes. One of such innovative techniques is automat ion of the supply chain processes across companies and markets. Emerging technologies can help create strategic opportunities for companies to stay at the edge of competition and achieve competitive advantage in many functional areas (Kampstra, Ashayeri Gattorna, 2006). Some of the areas which companies can improve upon include supply chain management and logistics among others. In the same line of thought, Baker and Canessa (2009), observes that innovations, in particular, automation, is a way through which business organizations can enhance performance and competitiveness. Specifically, innovations play crucial roles in ensuring the improvement of the overall efficiency of the supply chain which ultimately results in the effectiveness of the logistical system. Even though there are some areas that DKSH has automated, there are some areas where people take a lot of time to initiate processes which cause inconveniences in terms of time management. Moreover, Baker (2006) found out that logistics and modem services encounter challenges in product flow, planning and controlling freight, and other related information. As such, supply chain comes in handy in ensuring efficient resource allocation. Coupled with modern day automation, then, DKSH can be one of the leading SCM companies in the world, which will expand its operations beyond Asian markets. Automation of supply chain services has the tendency of encouraging resource redistribution within the company. As such, companies that seek to expand their marking scope and grow its operations can really benefit from an efficient SSCM. However, automation comes at the cost of training the staff to operate the systems (Baker Canessa, 2009), it helps logistics companies in the long run. Overall, bringing modern technologies in the supply chain help increase the number of experienced, skilled, and competent professionals who ensure that business, both big and small achieve their growth objects as far as access to the market is concerned (Baker Halim, 2007). In most business environments, implementing organizational or operational improvement plans are often clouded with uncertainties that have cost implication to businesses. As such, DKSH offers tailor-made services to companies and organizations which ensures that there is control in operational cost in a bid to achieve business go als. In another word, DKSH uses digitization where various customers can interact with the company on a platform to enhance service delivery. Additionally, standardization of mass production, i.e., handling many customers with unique needs have a higher probability of being digitized/automated (Tseng, Yue, Taylor, 2005). Evangelista, McKinnon, and Sweeney (2013), also share the same sentiments by alleging that it is easier to establish standardized automated solution at an affordable cost when there is demand in flexibility with higher product volume. ideally, choosing the right system to operate on enables seamless business operations by meeting various needs of customers to expand their businesses (Kherbach Mocan, 2016). The same principle is the adoption of DKSH services which has ensured their steady growth over the years. From that innovation perspective, DKSH has a competitive advantage over that explains their tremendous growth. As such, automation/digitization is key in realizing organizational goals and objectives. It is, therefore, prudent for small and big companies to embrace automation of service delivery. Nevertheless, DKSH has come up with a comprehensive package of services which help provide partners with a specialized range of services such as sourcing of materials, market analysis and research, marketing and sales to distribution and logistics as well as offering after sales services. Such innovation to provide the many services help them gain a competitive advantage in the market. Apart from offering general services, the company also offer customized services in every case that helps meet the unique needs of customers. For DKSH to meet their customer's demand, the company can achieve automation while considering the following phases; pre-project, implementation, and post-project phase (Baker Halim, 2007). Each and every step of automation of the logistics system have various factors that need consideration such options and scope definition, comparing conventional and automated options and the organizational requirements. Some other considerations include board approval, operational specifications, and commitment of the top management. The company also engages in installation, testing, commissioning, and training of individual business managers in the line of their service delivery. This helps the company bond with their clients which ultimately harness the relationship among themselves. Supply Chain Gaps Jonsson and Holmstrm (2016) observed that the introduction of supply chain planning (SCP) by retailers, wholesalers, and companies when they attempted to improve operational performance and better align supply chain partners and operations and business strategy created some gaps between practice and promise. Tuomikangas and Kaipia (2014) and Stank et al. (2012) supported the sentiments by echoing that the process of integrating demand and supply at times creates gaps that do not meet business expectations. In particular, the scholars highlighted operations planning maturity levels, higher sales were rarely implemented in practice, and managers are often lost on the requirements of such dilemma. Additionally, Johnson and Mattsson (2013) also observe that vendor managed inventories were for a limited amount of time. To address this, many methods and models have been developed to optimize supply chain multi-echelon stock decision and master planning but several of them are inapplicable (Jonsson Holmstrm, 2016). Furthermore, there are also gaps between the plan, source, make, and delivery process that hampers the seamless flow of goods and services. And as such, DKSH is not an exception to this dilemma that rages across most supply chain channels. Taking into account the business model of DKSH, a planning gap may exist between the business owner and DKSH. It entails analysis of information and forecasting the market trends of various goods and services. Various business departments such as finance and marketing can carry out the process monthly or yearly. Lack of coordination between the two partners can interfere with operations and ultimately hurt businesses. Aidoo-Sam and Sloan (2007), suggest that closing such gaps require innovations and simplification of the supply chain process. Such strategies will help eliminate lack of understanding on how specific contexts produces implementation outcomes. Lambert and Cooper (2000) further argue that developing interventions that rely on systems and processes are best suited to solve the planning dilemma between the two business partners during the planning stage. The duo also suggests that classifying stock keeping units across the inventory can help eliminate inefficiencies when D KSH is customizing the system for individual business. The scope of DKSH business operations involves sourcing. A procurement system seeks the use of a procurement model. Activities under this model involve searching, negotiations, and evaluating agents with the aim of amending supplier selection, negotiation, and evaluation (Delipinar Kocaoglu, 2016). Owing to the high competition that companies face today, sourcing of materials is challenging since different qualities exist selling at varied prices (Delipinar Kocaoglu, 2016). Putting in place a supply chain operations reference (SCOR) is key in eliminating sourcing problems at various business levels. This strategy will help DKSH and others integrate their process and make comparisons for a reliable acquisition of materials and suppliers. Making or manufacturing products can become to supply chain companies that are not prepared financially to do so. Manufacturing of goods does not only involve the production belt and batch but also time (Delipinar Kocaoglu, 2016). When venturing into production and marketing like DKSH, there is a need for organizations to work in connection with other market players. Moreover, Bolstorff et al. (2012) found out that companies wishing to move together and improve efficiency in the supply chain should move together which will eventually eliminate misalignments. Adhering to this strategy can help the business avoid loss of market share, the constrained growth of profits, unexpected costs, high inventory, and poor service. Trkman et al. (2010) support the argument that getting the right people to do business with help improve organization performance and gain competitive advantage. Another gap that exists in the supply chain is the delivery of processed goods. Many organizations delicate the delivery of their products to other companies. It is worth noting that outsourcing such services comes at a cost and in extreme circumstances, can hurt the operations of the business. Many logistics firms thrive in this sector, DKSH being one of them. Delipinar and Kocaoglu (2016) suggest that SCOR model works best when it comes to delivery of such services. Companies that have resources to meet delivery demands of the many companies can make a fortune for it. Smart business operations of DKSH have seen it survive for decades. Other firms can also come to take the advantage of other unexploited markets and bring efficiency in the supply chain of various products. Trkman et al. (2010) note that returning of products, processes involved in receiving of goods and returning of products is a challenge to some entities. Once goods are delivered to a particular destination and somehow, they are defective, then returning them to the manufacturer is necessary. In such a circumstance, there is an opportunity for exploitation. Usually, contracts are reached to deliver products but not return. As such, this a gap that needs investment and consideration by supply chain players to create efficiency in the sector (Wang Lestari, 2013). Conclusion Alignment of supply chain activation requires combining business, information technology, and performance measurement to effectively streamline the process (Delipinar Kocaoglu, 2016). The same sentiments receive backing from Zuiga, Seifert, and Thoben (2013) who asserts that SCM and IT are key in business management, economics, telecommunications, simulations, artificial intelligence and information systems. Further aligning information systems with supply chain management is vital in increasing revenues of each player in supply chain like DKSH. Besides, other industries like pharmaceuticals, automotive and textile require alignment and standardization through information systems to improve their supply chain (Mason, Lalwani Boughton, 2007). Moreover, Sakka et al. (2010) note that organizations and entities cannot be in rival business if information technology strategies are not linked. As such, strategic alignment is achievable when IT is incorporated, combining companies' goals, activities, and processes with information systems. Taking such strategic steps can form new opportunities in the service sector (Du et al., 2005), more so to DKSH as they undertake market expansion service. Firms requiring to gain stability in profits and business operations, therefore, need to embrace IT in their supply chain system. Overall, companies can achieve supply chain transformations when synergistic effect and complementary variables are aligned together to achieve the greater goal of supply chain management. References Aidoo-Sam, M. A., Sloan, R. K. (2007). Modelling of supply chains is the way forward. International Technology Management Review, 1(1), 12. Baker, P., Canessa, M. (2009). Warehouse design: A structured approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 193(2), 425-436. Baker, P., Halim, Z. (2007). An exploration of warehouse automation implementations: cost,service and flexibility issues. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 12(2), 129-138. Bolstorff, P., Rosenbaum, R. G. (2007). Supply chain excellence: a handbook for dramatic improvement using the SCOR model. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Chesbrough, H. (2007). Business model innovation: it's not just about technology anymore. Strategy leadership, 35(6), 12-17. Chesbrough, H. (2010). Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers. Long range planning, 43(2-3), 354-363. Christopher, M., Peck, H. (2004). Building the resilient supply chain. The international journal of logistics management, 15(2), 1-14. DKSH. (2018). Our core business: Market Expansion Services. Retrieved from ://dksh.com/global-en/home/about-us/what-we-do/market-expansion-services on 1st 29, 2018. Dodgson, M., Gann, D., Salter, A. (2006). The role of technology in the shift towards open innovation: the case of Procter Gamble. RD Management, 36(3), 333-346. Du, A. Y., Gopal, R. D., Ramesh, R. (2005). Value Chains in IT-enabled Services: Towards a Reference Model. In Conference on Globally Distributed Work (GDW). Bangalore, India. Delipinar, G. E., Kocaoglu, B. (2016). Using SCOR Model to Gain Competitive Advantage: A Literature Review. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 398-406. Evangelista, P., McKinnon, A., Sweeney, E. (2013). Technology adoption in small and medium-sized logistics providers. Industrial Management Data Systems, 113(7), 967- 989. Elhasia, T., Noche, B., Zhao, L. (2013, March). Simulation of a sustainable cement supplychain; proposal model review. 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